A Shirt In The Market

Market Chains and Inequality

A Cotton Farmer in Kurnool

• A small farmer in Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh) grows cotton on their small piece of land.
• Once the reaping is done, cotton balls are gathered.
• After collection, the farmer takes the harvest to the local trader or a neighboring merchant.
• The farmer’s earnings from cotton cultivation are barely more than what they might earn as a wage labourer.

The Cloth Market of Erode

• Erode’s bi-weekly cloth market in Tamil Nadu is one of the largest cloth markets in the world.
• A large variety of cloth is sold in this market.
• Offices of cloth merchants are located around the market.
• These merchants supply cloth on order to garment manufacturers and exporters across the country.

Putting-Out System – Weavers Producing Cloth at Home

• The merchant distributes work among the weavers based on the orders he has received.
• The weavers get the yarn from the merchant and supply him the finished cloth.

The Garment Exporting Factory Near Delhi

• The Erode merchant supplies cotton cloth to a garment exporting factory near Delhi.
• This factory uses the cloth to make shirts.
• The shirts are exported to foreign buyers.
• These large stores do business strictly on their own terms.

Women Workers

• In the garment factory, most workers are women employed on a temporary basis.
• They are hired as helpers for thread cutting, buttoning, ironing, and packaging—jobs with the lowest wages.

Market and Equality

• The foreign businessperson made huge profits in the market.
• The garment exporter earned moderate profits.
• The cotton farmer and the weaver did not get a fair price for their production.
• Merchants or traders earned more than farmers and weavers but less than exporters.
• The market does offer people opportunities to work and sell what they produce or grow.

MCQs

1. The amount that is left or gained from earnings after deducting all the costs. If the costs are more than the earnings, it would lead to a loss.

(a) Profit

(b) Expenditure

(c) Income

(d) Revenue

► (a) Profit

2. Budh bazaar and Shani bazaar are the example of

(a) Shopping complex

(b) Weekly market

(c) International market

(d) Shops in neighbourhood

► (b) Weekly market

3. When the Buying and selling takes place ______ in the chain

(a) In the end

(b) Every step

(c) In the mid only

(d) In the beginning

► (b) Every step

4. Weaver's _____ are one way to reduce the dependence on the merchant and to earn a higher income for the weavers.

(a) Traders

(b) Company

(c) Cooperatives

(d) Partnership

► (c) Cooperatives

5. These markets are not daily markets but are to be found at a particular place on one or maybe two days of the week. These markets most often sell everything that a household needs ranging from vegetables to clothes to utensils.

(a) Fortnight market

(b) Weekly market

(c) Monthly market

(d) Day Market

► (b) Weekly market

6. ______ removes the seeds and presses the cotton into bales

(a) Ginning Mill

(b) Traders

(c) Dealers

(d) Spinning Mill

► (a) Ginning Mill

7. Who earn the least in the Erode market

(a) Consumer

(b) Agents

(c) Retailer

(d) Weaver

► (d) Weaver

8. Where can one-buy branded product from

(a) Wholesale market

(b) Neighbour shops

(c) Shopping complex

(d) Weekly market

► (c) Shopping complex

9. A chain of market links the producer of cotton to the buyer at the ___

(a) Shopping complex

(b) Mall

(c) Weekly market

(d) Supermarket

► (d) Supermarket

10. This refers to buying and selling in large quantities. Most products, including vegetables, fruits and flowers have special wholesale markets.

(a) Sellers

(b) Retail

(c) Wholesale

(d) Shopkeepers

► (c) Wholesale

11. What work do the women at the Impex garment factory produce

(a) Buttoning

(b) Thread cutting

(c) Ironing

(d) All of these

► (d) All of these

12. A series of markets that are connected like links in a chain because products pass from one market to another.

(a) Chain of shops

(b) Chain of traders

(c) Chain of mall

(d) Chain of markets

► (d) Chain of markets

13. Erode's bi-weekly cloth market in Tamil Nadu is one of the largest cloth markets in the ___.

(a) State

(b) World

(c) India

(d) Asia

► (b) World

14. Putting out system is prevalent in the ___ industry in most region of India

(a) Ginning

(b) Weaving

(c) Spinning

(d) Irrigation

► (b) Weaving

15. What is the key factor that distinguishes the place people but from

(a) Political status

(b) Economic status

(c) Social status

(d) Cultural status

► (b) Economic status

16. This is an enclosed shopping space. This is usually a large building with many floors that has shops, restaurants and, at times, even a cinema theatre. These shops most often sell branded products.

(a) Store

(b) Mall

(c) Department

(d) Shop

► (b) Mall

17. People assessed the market depends upon following factors except

(a) Advertisement

(b) Convenience

(c) Credit given

(d) Availability

► (a) Advertisement

18. Spinning mill buys the

(a) Bales

(b) Fabric

(c) Thread

(d) Cotton

► (a) Bales